不锈钢板材料的耐用性与使用寿命

摘要：<span style="font-family:宋体;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size:small;">不锈钢板材料的耐用性与使用寿命</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋体;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size:small;">不锈钢*大的腐蚀问题是点腐蚀特性。微蚀点表现为表面锈蚀，一般被认为对不锈钢板材的美丽外观与耐腐蚀性能有要求的应用来说都是不可接受的。从大气暴露测试程序收集的深度数据的分析来看可以用作不锈钢板材料的耐久性指南参考要素。需要牢记的是，在点蚀形成穿孔之前，微点蚀的染色可能会在美观上导致不锈钢板材受到不利影响。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋体;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size:small;">影响不锈钢板耐久性的因素主要有材质、环境和材料的表面光洁度。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋体;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size:small;">在评估不锈钢板材料发生点腐蚀的风险时，氯离子含量是*需要考虑到的因素，因为氯离子是具有侵蚀性的环境危害。海洋场地通常是*具侵蚀性的，因此在海洋环境中给出*低的预计耐久性。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋体;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size:small;">此外还有个酸性条件，有时在工业化环境中发现，酸性环境也会具有明显的侵略性的。考虑当地微气候的影响也可能会影响周围环境对不锈钢板材的侵蚀效果。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋体;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size:small;">估计腐蚀坑的渗透时间如下表所示。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋体;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size:small;">表中所示的点蚀寿命预测是基于线性坑生长速率模型。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋体;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family:宋体;font-size:small;"><img width="565" height="141" 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v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" /></span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋体;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">海洋和农村地区的样品具有研磨表面，半工业地点的结果具有沉闷的抛光表面。</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">304</span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">不锈钢类型的</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">1mm</span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">穿孔时间和大多数建筑物的预计设计寿命一致。需要注意的是，铁素体</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">430</span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";">类型一般不用在建造外部应用。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋体;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:small;"> </span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋体;font-size:small;"> </span>